How And What

Advantages and disadvantages of transactional leadership

By: Joe David | Tags:

Advantages and disadvantages of transactional leadership This article examines some of the advantages and disadvantages of transactional leadership style. Other issues examined here are the definitions, characteristics, and examples of transactional leadership. Definition of transactional leadership Transactional leaders cause followers to act in a certain way in return for something the latter want to have (or avoid). According to St Thomas University (2018), these leaders value order and structure. They focus on results and measure employee success according to their organisations’ system of rewards and penalties. They expect more from their […]

Advantages and disadvantages of transformational leadership

By: Joe David | Tags:

Advantages and disadvantages of transformational leadership This article explores some of the advantages and disadvantages of transformational leadership style. Other issues it explores are definition, characteristics, and examples of transformational leadership. Definition of transformational leadership The idea of transformational leadership was developed by James MacGregor Burns. It first came up in his book ‘Leadership’ in 1978. He used the word ‘transforming’ rather than ‘transformational’. Both terms convey the same meaning. Bernard Bass, the author of Leadership and Performance: Beyond Expectations, 1985, built on MacGregor Burns’ ideas. He used the term […]

Advantages and disadvantages of situational leadership

By: Joe David | Tags:

Advantages and disadvantages of situational leadership This article evaluates some of the advantages and disadvantages of situational leadership style. Blanchard and Hersey developed ‘Life Cycle Theory of Leadership’ in 1969 which was later renamed as Situational Leadership Theory. Definitions of situational leadership style According to St Thomas University (2019), situational leadership adapts to the existing work environment and the needs of the organization. It is widely observed that managers often may have to adjust their style to fit the development level of their followers. The names of Blanchard and Hersey […]

Advantages and disadvantages of charismatic leadership style

By: Joe David | Tags:

Advantages and disadvantages of charismatic leadership style This is a detailed article on the advantages and disadvantages of charismatic leadership style. It begins with exploring the definitions of the term ‘charisma’ and ends with providing the readers with real life examples of charismatic leaders from different fields. Certainly, people and organisations often go through a variety of challenges and those challenges may sometimes destabilise the environment in which they operate. A charismatic leader is someone who can stand up and face the challenges with his/her personal ‘gifts’. Definitions of charisma […]

Advantages and disadvantages of democratic leadership style

By: M Rahman | Tags:

Advantages and disadvantages of democratic leadership style This is a comprehensive article that addresses some of the advantages and disadvantages of democratic leadership style. It also touches on the definitions of democratic leadership style and provides the readers with some real-life examples. Definitions of democratic leadership style Democratic leadership is also called shared or participative leadership. According to Carlin (2019) this style of leadership balances decision-making responsibility between the group and the leader. Leaders actively participate in discussions and ensure that the views of others are heard well. With this […]

Advantages and disadvantages of trade unions

By: Joe David | Tags:

Advantages and disadvantages of trade unions This article aims to assess some of the advantages and disadvantages of trade unions from the perspectives of both employees and employers. Surely, this topic is largely debated. It depends on who the question has been asked to. However, needless to say that there are pros and cons to everything, and trade unions are not an exception in this regard. Definitions of trade unions Trade unions, also called labour unions, are associations in a particular industry, or company that work on securing improvements for workers […]

Advantages and disadvantages of autocratic leadership style

By: M Rahman | Tags:

Advantages and disadvantages of autocratic leadership style This detailed article sheds light on some of the advantages and disadvantages of autocratic leadership style. It also explores the definitions of autocratic leadership style and provides the readers with a list of characteristics and examples of autocratic leaders from different fields. Definitions of autocratic leadership style According to St Thomas University (2018) the autocratic leadership process generally entails one person making all the strategic decisions for their subordinates. According to Attner and Plunkett (1994) managers who use the autocratic leadership style do […]

Tuckman’s forming, storming, norming, and performing model

By: M Rahman | Tags:

Tuckman’s forming, storming, norming, and performing model This article aims to explain Tuckman’s forming, storming, norming, and performing model of group development. The model was developed in 1965 by Bruce Tuckman, an American psychologist. It is also widely known as Tuckman’s stages of group development. Tuckman’s stages of group development Tuckman suggested that all teams go through a four-stage development process starting from forming and ending in performing. However, at a later stage, he also developed another stage called ‘adjourning’. According to the author, all teams go through a relatively […]

Organisation – definition and features

By: M Rahman | Tags: Organisational Behaviour

What is an organisation? An organisation is a group of people working together in a systematic way to achieve a set of objectives. According to Needham et.al (1995) an organisation is a system, having an established structure and conscious planning, in which people work and deal with one another in a coordinated and cooperative manner for the accomplishment of recognised goals. According to Buchanan and Huczynski (1985) organisations are social arrangements for the controlled performance of collective goals. Organisational features While many writers have attempted to define the term ‘organisation’ […]

What is Maslow’s hierarchy of needs theory?

By: Joe David | Tags: Organisational Behaviour

Last updated: October 2016 Maslow’s hierarchy of needs theory The hierarchy of needs theory was developed by Abraham Maslow in 1954 even though the origin of the theory dates back in 1943 when Maslow wrote a paper ‘A Theory of Human Motivation’ for a scientific journal called Psychological Review. Maslow was a psychologist and worked as a psychology professor as well. Maslow’s theory has five stages as shown in the diagram above. According to Maslow, human beings are wanting-animals and their needs come one after another. Once a need is […]